Sun Yat-sen

Sun Yat-sen (12 November 1866 or 24 November 1870 – 12 March 1925), also known as Sun Yixian, Sun Wen, Sun Itchisen/Sun Itchiyama(Japanese) and Sun Zhongshan (originally Sun Deming), was a Chinese revolutionary and political leader often referred to as the Father of Modern China. Sun played an instrumental role in overthrowing the Qing Dynasty in 1911. He was the first provisional president when the Republic of China (ROC) was founded in 1912 and later co-founded the Kuomintang (KMT) where he served as its first leader. Sun was a uniting figure in post-Imperial China, and remains unique among 20th-century Chinese politicians for being widely revered in both Mainland China and Taiwan.

Although Sun is considered one of the greatest leaders of modern China, his political life was one of constant struggle and frequent exile. After the success of the revolution, he quickly fell out of power in the newly-founded Republic of China, and led successive revolutionary governments as a challenge to the warlords who controlled much of the nation. Sun did not live to see his party consolidate its power over the country. His party, which formed a fragile alliance with the Communists, split into two factions after his death. Sun's chief legacy resides in his developing a political philosophy known as the Three Principles of the People (The People's Relation/Connection, The People's Power, and the People's Livelihood/Welfare, or sometimes known as nationalism, democracy/sovereignty, and socialism/populism/livelihood depending on the translation).

孙中山（1866年十一月12日或24日 –1925年三月12日），别名孙逸仙，孙文，他是一个中国革命和政治领导人常被誉为新中国之父。在1911年推翻清政府的运动中孙中山扮演了十分重要的角色。1912年中华民国成立时他是第一任临时大总统，随后在其建立的国民党中他是第一领导人。在后帝国中国他是一个提倡团结的人物，因为在中国大陆和台湾地区被广受尊崇，孙一直是20世纪中国政治家里独一无二的人物。
尽管孙被认为是现代中国最伟大的领导人之一，他的政治生涯也是历经磨难且饱受常常背井离乡之苦。在革命成功后，他立即将新成立的中华民国的权利交了出来，并领导了相继的革命政府与那些控制大部分国土的军阀们对抗。孙有生之年没有看到他的政党巩固其对于国家的统治力量。他死后他的政党分裂成两个派系与共产党形成了一个比较脆弱的联盟。孙的主要贡献在于他所创立的一个政治哲学被著称为“三名主义”（民族，民权，民生）