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				  结果补语 the resultative complement explains the result of the action. It usually consists of a verb or an adjective. 
V + V / A  听  懂      to listen and understand 
  写  上      to write down  包       好 to wrap (the parcel) well  拿       好 to hold onto  记       错 to remember incorrectly  坐       错 to take the wrong (bus) 
  Resultative complements are closely bound to verbs. There cannot be other words in between. The particle “了”or any objects must be placed behind the resultative complement.  
| 
  Subject  | 
  Predicate  |  
| 
  V  | 
  V/A(complement)  | 
  Pt“了”  | 
 O   | 
  Pt“了”  |  
| 
  我 
马大为 
下车的乘客 
我们  | 
  听 
包 
拿 
坐  | 
  懂 
好 
好 
错  | 
  了  | 
  那个包裹。 
自己的东西。 
车  | 
  了。 
了。  |   
  
 If expressed by verbs with resultative complements, the action is usually complete. Thus, “没(有)”is commonly used in the negation, while “….了没有” is used for the V/A- not-V/A question. For example:  你听懂了没有?  -----我没听懂  马大为包好包裹了没有?  ----他没有包好包裹。  The adjective “好” in this lesson is used as a resultative complement, indicating that an action is competed to satisfaction. For example:  我们一定要学好汉语。  请大家做好,现在上课。 
 
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