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用介词“比”表示比较（1）
comparison using the preposition “比”（1）
The preposition “比” may be used to compare the qualities and characteristics of two things. “比”and its object form a prepositional phrase and are often placed before the adjective, in sentences with an adjectival predicate.
| Subject |
Predicate |
| Prep “比” |
N/Pr |
A |
|
这件旗袍
大商场的东西
这件衬衫
小云 |
比
比
比
比 |
那件旗袍
小商店的
那件衬衫
他 |
漂亮。
多。
合适。
忙。 |
The preposition “比”with its object may be placed before a verb to express comparison in sentences with a verbal predicate.
| Subject |
Predicate |
| N |
Prep |
N/Pr |
VP |
|
你
田小姐
他们
|
汉语 |
比
比
比 |
我
我
我们 |
知道 得 多。
翻译 得 好
说 得 流利 |
The adverb “不” is placed before“比” to form a negative comparative sentence. “x 不比y + A” means “x < y” or “x=y”. for example:
他不比我高。(meaning “ I am taller than him” or “ he is as tall as me”)
小商店的东西不比大商场的东西差。 （meaning “things in small stores are better than those in big shopping malls” or “things in small stores are as good as those in big shopping malls”）
Notes:
(1) the auxiliary verbs and adverbs must be placed before “比”。
For example:
你应该比我知道得多。
他可能比我忙。
这件衣服当然比那件衣服好。
（2）the adverbs “很，真，非常”cannot be used before the adjective in a “比”sentence with an adjectival predicate. For example, we can not say “他比我很忙。”
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